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Pregnancy food & drink: what to avoid, limit or cook differently

Most pregnancy food advice comes down to three risks: listeria, toxoplasmosis and a handful of substances like mercury, vitamin A and glycyrrhizin. Here is exactly which foods are affected — and which ones are fine.

See the complete foods-to-avoid list at a glance →

Illustration of a black liquorice wheel and a liquorice allsort
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AvoidFood & drink

Is liquorice safe during pregnancy?

Heavy liquorice eating in pregnancy has been linked to lower IQ scores and more attention problems in children.

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Illustration of salami slices with rising steam
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Take careFood & drink

Can you eat deli meat while pregnant?

Pregnant women are about 10 times more likely to get listeria — and cold cuts are a classic source.

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Illustration of a wedge of cheese next to a cut wheel
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Take careFood & drink

Which cheeses are safe during pregnancy?

Brie is off the menu — but in UK guidance, even unpasteurised cheddar is fine.

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Illustration of a small jar of pâté with a butter knife
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Take careFood & drink

Can you eat pâté when pregnant?

Liver pâté is a double risk: listeria and a vitamin that can harm your baby.

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Illustration of smoked salmon slices on a plate with lemon and dill
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Take careFood & drink

Can you eat smoked salmon when pregnant?

Smoked salmon, gravlax — and even cold ready-to-eat prawns — now need cooking first.

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Illustration of a melon slice next to a small clock
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Take careFood & drink

Is pre-cut melon safe during pregnancy?

A listeria outbreak linked to cantaloupe melons killed 33 people in the US.

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Illustration of a small bowl of fresh alfalfa sprouts
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AvoidFood & drink

Are raw sprouts safe when pregnant?

That healthy-looking alfalfa sprout topping is on the FDA’s “don’t eat raw” list for pregnancy.

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AvoidFood & drink

Why should you avoid liver and vitamin A supplements in pregnancy?

A “healthy” fish liver oil capsule could give you too much of a vitamin that can harm your baby.

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Illustration of a steaming coffee cup with coffee beans
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LimitFood & drink

How much caffeine is safe during pregnancy?

One large filter coffee plus a cola can already push you close to the daily limit.

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Illustration of a tuna can with a fish on the label
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LimitFood & drink

How much tuna can you eat while pregnant?

Fish is recommended in pregnancy — but swordfish, shark and marlin are off the table.

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Illustration of a mixing bowl of cookie dough with a wooden spoon
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AvoidFood & drink

Can you eat raw cookie dough while pregnant?

It’s not just the raw egg — raw flour can carry E. coli too.

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Illustration of sushi rolls and nigiri with chopsticks
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Take careFood & drink

Can you eat sushi when pregnant?

The UK used to allow raw fish if it had been frozen first. Not any more.

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Illustration of a teacup with a tea bag and a leaf
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LimitFood & drink

Is herbal tea safe during pregnancy?

“Natural” doesn’t mean tested — there’s very little safety data on most herbal teas.

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Illustration of a bunch of long, thin enoki mushrooms
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Take careFood & drink

Are enoki mushrooms safe during pregnancy?

These trendy salad mushrooms have been behind multiple listeria outbreaks.

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Illustration of a pheasant feather
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AvoidFood & drink

Can you eat game meat like venison or pheasant when pregnant?

Pheasant, partridge and venison are on the NHS avoid list — because of lead.

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